The European Commission has launched three public consultations on the Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) ahead of its full implementation in 2026.

In its document "Priorities for Europe Shared by Confindustria Lombardia", Confindustria Lombardia identified the proper management of carbon leakage as a key priority for the Lombardy manufacturing sector, a crucial issue for ensuring business competitiveness.

The consultations concern:

• CBAM methodology for the definitive period, which will define the calculation of direct/indirect emissions, rules for electricity, and default values in the absence of data.
• Carbon pricing in third countries for conversion into CBAM certificates, which will establish how to convert carbon prices already paid abroad into CBAM certificates, including any compensation.
• Adjustment of CBAM obligations, to define how to modulate the surrender of CBAM certificates to reflect the free allocation of ETS allowances, ensuring equal treatment between EU and third-country goods.

The deadline for the consultations was 25 September 2025.